Vikram Lander

4 सितंबर, 2023 को पहले विक्रम लैंडर के स्थान के पास चंद्रमा पर सफलतापूर्वक लैंडिंग हुई। इसने एक हॉप प्रयोग भी किया, जिसमें इसने खुद को लगभग 40 सेमी ऊपर उठाया और 30 - 40 सेमी की दूरी पर फिर से उतरा।

विक्रम लैंडर एक चंद्र लैंडिंग मॉड्यूल है जिसे भारतीय अंतरिक्ष अनुसंधान संगठन (इसरो) ने अपने चंद्रयान -2 और चंद्रयान -3 मिशन के लिए डिज़ाइन किया है।

1.  इसका वजन 1471 किलोग्राम है और
2.  यह 27 किलोग्राम का पेलोड ले जा सकता है,
3.  जिसमें प्रज्ञान नामक रोवर भी शामिल है।
4.  यह चार थ्रॉटलेबल इंजनों द्वारा संचालित है 
5. जो 2000 N का कुल जोर प्रदान कर सकता है 

इसमें विभिन्न वैज्ञानिक उपकरण हैं, जैसे कि लेजर रेट्रोरिफ्लेक्टर ऐरे, एक सिस्मोमीटर, एक थर्मल जांच और एक लैंगमुइर जांच। इसमें एक उच्च-रिज़ॉल्यूशन वाला कैमरा भी है जो चंद्रमा की सतह की तस्वीरें खींच सकता है।

Vikram is the name of the lander module of India’s Chandrayaan-2 and Chandrayaan-3 missions to the Moon. The first Vikram lander failed to make a soft-landing on the Moon in 2019. The second Vikram lander successfully landed on the Moon in 2023 and performed a hop experiment by lifting itself and landing again at a short distance. The lander also carries a rover named Pragyan, which will explore the lunar surface. The lander and the rover will go into hibernation mode once their power is depleted and will wake up when the sunlight reaches them again.

Vikram lander is a lunar landing module designed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) for its Chandrayaan-2 and Chandrayaan-3 missions. It has a mass of 1471 kg and can carry a payload of 27 kg, including a rover named Pragyan. It is powered by four throttleable engines that can provide a total thrust of 2000 N

. It has various scientific instruments on board, such as a laser retroreflector array, a seismometer, a thermal probe, and a Langmuir probe. It also has a high-resolution camera that can capture images of the lunar surface.

The first Vikram lander was launched on July 22, 2019 as part of the Chandrayaan-2 mission. It attempted to land on the Moon on September 7, 2019, but lost contact with ISRO when it was about 2.1 km above the surface. The lander crashed near the planned landing site in the south polar region of the Moon.

The second Vikram lander was launched on July 11, 2023 as part of the Chandrayaan-3 mission. It successfully landed on the Moon on September 4, 2023, near the location of the first Vikram lander. It also performed a hop experiment, in which it lifted itself by about 40 cm and landed again at a distance of 30 – 40 cm away. This was done to demonstrate the lander’s ability to move and explore different locations on the Moon. The lander also deployed the Pragyan rover, which started to collect data and images from the lunar surface.

The lander and the rover are expected to operate for about 14 Earth days, after which they will go into hibernation mode due to lack of solar power. They will wake up again when the sunlight reaches them, around September 22, 2023. ISRO hopes to establish contact with both Vikram landers and Pragyan rovers during this period.